Menopause Hormones

It’s pretty clear that menopause affects your oestrogen and progesterone, but what does it do to your other hormones and endocrine glands? Let’s take a look!

Leutinizing Hormone (LH)

What does it do? It’s critical for your reproductive system. It’s what tells your ovaries to release an egg and make other important hormones like oestrogen and progesterone.
What happens in menopause? The ovaries start making less oestrogen and progesterone, and LH levels go up. This hormonal shift is what causes menopausal symptoms like hot flushes, night sweats, mood swings, and sleep problems. Since LH levels are usually high during menopause, doctors can use them, along with other hormones, to figure out if you are going through menopause.

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

What does it do? It works alongside LH in regulating the female reproductive system. FSH is crucial for the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles. Like LH, the levels of FSH change during different phases of a woman’s life.
What happens in menopause? The ovaries gradually lose their ability to produce eggs and hormones. In response to this, the body produces more FSH. These elevated FSH levels are associated with the onset of menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes, night sweats, mood changes, and sleep disturbances.

Insulin

What does it do? Insulin helps regulate your blood sugar levels by enabling glucose uptake into cells for energy.
What happens in menopause? Hormonal changes can affect insulin sensitivity, and this can lead to increased insulin resistance. When your body becomes less responsive to insulin, your blood sugar levels rise. As a result, you may experience weight gain, particularly around the abdomen.

Cortisol

What does it do? Known as the ‘stress hormone’, cortisol helps regulate various functions, including metabolism and immune response. It also helps you manage stress.
What happens in menopause? Fluctuating oestrogen levels can affect cortisol production and regulation. When your cortisol levels are higher, you may experience increased stress, anxiety, and insomnia. Elevated cortisol also contributes to abdominal weight gain and may impact bone density and immune function.

Leptin

What does it do? This hormone is mainly produced by your fat cells and helps to regulate your energy balance. When your leptin levels are high, your brain gets the message that you have enough fat stored, and this reduces hunger and helps you to maintain a healthy weight. Leptin is usually highest in the evening and early morning hours, so your body can repair itself without getting hungry.
What happens in menopause? Declining oestrogen levels can lead to increased leptin resistance, where the body doesn’t respond to leptin signals effectively. This can result in increased hunger and weight gain.

Thyroid gland

What does it do? This powerhouse produces hormones that are pivotal in regulating your metabolic rate, growth, and development. It exerts control over critical functions like heart regulation, muscle control, digestion, brain maturation, and the maintenance of strong bones. The thyroid gland relies on a sufficient supply of iodine from your diet to function at its best.
What happens in menopause? Hormonal fluctuations, particularly in oestrogen, can affect thyroid function. Some women may experience hypothyroidism, where the thyroid becomes underactive, leading to symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, and depression. Others might have hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid is overactive, causing anxiety, weight loss, and rapid heartbeat.

Adrenal glands

What do they do? Your adrenal glands play a vital role in your body’s response to stress and help regulate several essential bodily functions. They produce hormones like adrenaline, cortisol, and aldosterone, and help you cope with stress, maintain energy levels, and keep your bodily functions in check.
What happens in menopause? As oestrogen and progesterone levels decline, your adrenal glands try to step in by producing these hormones in small amounts. This added pressure can lead to adrenal strain and worsen menopause symptoms like fatigue, mood swings, and stress.